MUSHROOM

synonyms: Agaric des jachθres, Anischampignon, Boule de neige, Horse Mushroom Ref No: 6815 Buy this image Ref No: 6816 Buy this image Ref No: 6817 Buy this image Ref No: 6819 Buy this image Ref No: 6820 Buy this image Ref No: 9810 Buy this image location: North America, Europe edibility: Edible fungus colour: White to cream, Yellow normal size: over 15cm cap type: Convex to shield shaped stem type: Ring on stem flesh: Mushroom has distinct or odd smell (non mushroomy) spore colour: Purplish to black habitat: Grows on the ground, Found in fields, lawns or on roadsides Agaricus arvensis Schaeff. ex Secr. s. Lange non Cooke syn. Psalliota arvensis (Schaeff. ex Secr.) Kummer Anischampignon Agaric des jachθres, Boule de neige Horse Mushroom Cap 8–20cm across, ovate at first expanding convex, creamy white yellowing slightly with age or on bruising. Stem 80–100 x 20–30mm, often slightly clavate at the base, concolorous with the cap, the ring is formed of a double membrane, the lower splitting into a star-shape around the stem. Flesh white, thick and firm in the cap, pithy in the stem which tends to become hollow. Taste mushroomy, smell of aniseed. Gills free, white at first then flesh-pink, finally chocolate brown with age. Cheilocystidia thin-walled, ovate balloon-shaped 11–26 x 9–18(21)µ. Spore print dark purple-brown. Spores ellipsoid, 7–8 x 4.5–5µ. Habitat amongst grass in pasture or thickets often in rings. Season autumn. Frequent. Edible – excellent. Distribution, America and Europe. Ref No: 6687 Buy this image Ref No: 6688 Buy this image location: North America edibility: Poisonous/Suspect fungus colour: White to cream normal size: 5-15cm cap type: Convex to shield shaped stem type: Ring on stem, Volva on stem, Bulbous base of stem spore colour: White, cream or yellowish habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground Amanita abrupta Pk. Cap 4-10cm across, flatly convex to flat with a margin that is hung with small fragments; white; smooth, shiny, and dry; covered with small, white, conical warts that appear to be woolly at the margin. Gills free, crowded, narrow; white. Stem 65-125 x 5-15mm, solid to stuffed, tapering toward the top; white; slightly hairy or smooth with a few warts of volval remnants; the subabrupt to abrupt basal bulb usually large; the white ring near the top is thin and drooping, usually with a thick edge, lined above and woolly below. Flesh moderately thick at center of cap, thin toward margin; white. Spores globose to ellipsoid, amyloid, 6.5-9.5 x 5.5-8.5µ Deposit white. Habitat in mixed coniferous or deciduous woods. Common. Found in eastern north America. Season September-November. probably poisonous - avoid; dangerous. Ref No: 6987 Buy this image location: North America edibility: Poisonous/Suspect fungus colour: White to cream normal size: 5-15cm cap type: Convex to shield shaped stem type: Ring on stem, Volva on stem, Bulbous base of stem spore colour: White, cream or yellowish habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground Amanita magniverrucata Thiers & Ammirati Cap 4-13cm across, almost round becoming broadly convex then flat with a strong incurved margin that becomes flatter with age and is hung with white, cottony veil fragments; white, creamy to yellowish buff or darker when handled; dry or slightly sticky when moist, covered with large, pyramidical warts that become flattened in age. adnate, crowded; white or creamy, lightly powdered. Stem 70-115 x 10-25mm, solid, tapering slightly upward, with a rooting Gills adnexed to basal bulb; white with brownish-yellowish stains; hairy to scaly below, smooth or lined above the ring; white, membranous partial veil forms fragile, skirt-like ring on the upper stem; volva leaves concentric rows of scales and warts at top of bulb and on lower stem, which sometimes disappear in age. Flesh thick, firm; white. Odor disagreeable in age. Spores ellipsoid to subglobose, smooth, amyloid, 8.1-12.7 x 5.5-8.3µ. Deposit white. Habitat singly or in groups on the ground under oak and pine. Frequent. Found in coastal forests of California. Season October-April. Edibility not known - avoid; possibly deadly poisonous. Photographed by Greg Wright. synonyms: Amanite tue-mouches, Fausse Oronge, Fly Agaric, Lιgyφlφ galoca, Roter Fliegenpilz Ref No: 6988 Buy this image Ref No: 6989 Buy this image Ref No: 6990 Buy this image Ref No: 6992 Buy this image Ref No: 7018 Buy this image Ref No: 7019 Buy this image Ref No: 9764 Buy this image Ref No: 19758 Buy this image Ref No: 20346 Buy this image Ref No: 20348 Buy this image Ref No: 20349 Buy this image location: North America, Europe edibility: Deadly fungus colour: Red or redish or pink normal size: 5-15cm cap type: Convex to shield shaped stem type: Ring on stem, Volva on stem spore colour: White, cream or yellowish habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground Amanita muscaria (L. ex Fr.) Hooker, Fly Agaric, Amanite tue-mouches, Fausse Oronge Roter Fliegenpilz, Lιgyφlφ galoca. Cap 8–20cm across, globose or hemispherical at first then flattening, bright scarlet covered with distinctive white pyramidal warts which may be washed off by rain leaving the cap almost smooth and the colour fades. Stem 80–180Χ10–20mm, white, often covered in shaggy volval remnants as is the bulbous base, the white membranous ring attached to the stem apex sometimes becoming flushed yellow from the pigment washed off the cap. Flesh white, tinged red or yellow below the cap cuticle, Taste pleasant, smell faint. Gills free, white. Spore print white. Spores broadly ovate, nonamyloid, 9.5–10.5Χ7–8µ. Habitat usually with birch trees, Season late summer to late autumn. Common. Deadly poisonous. It contains many different toxins see below. Distribution, America and Europe. This is one of the easiest species to recognize and describe, and consequently its properties have been well documented for centuries. The common name Fly Agaric comes from the practice of breaking the cap into platefuls of milk, used since medieval times to stupefy flies. It is a strong hallucinogen and intoxicant and was used as such by the Lapps. In such cases the cap is dried and swallowed without chewing. The symptoms begin twenty minutes to two hours after ingestion. The central nervous system is affected and the muscles of the intoxicated person start to pull and twitch convulsively, followed by dizzines and a death-like sleep. During this stage the mushrooms are often vomited but nevertheless the drunkenness and stupor continue. While in this state of stupor, the person experiences vivid visions and on waking is usually filled with elation and is physically very active. This is due to the nerves being highly stimulated, the slightest effort of will producing exaggerated physical effects, e.g. the intoxicated person will make a gigantic leap to clear the smallest obstacle. The Lapps may have picked up the habit of eating the Fly Agaric through observing the effects of the fungus on reindeer, which are similarly affected. Indeed, they like it so much that all one has to do to round up a wandering herd is to scatter pieces of Fly Agaric on the ground. Another observation the Lapps made from the reindeer was that the intoxicating compounds in the fungus can be recycled by consuming the urine of an intoxicated person. The effects of consuming this species are exceedingly unpredictable; some people remain unaffected while others have similar, or different, symptoms to those above, and at least one death is attributed to A. muscaria. This unpredictability is due to the fungus containing different amounts of the toxins ibotenic acid and muscimol according to season, method of cooking and ingestion, as well as the subject’s state of mind. Ibotenic acid is mostly concentrated in the coloured skin of the cap. This very unstable compound rapidly degrades on drying to form muscimol which is five to ten times more potent. Traditionally, where A. muscaria is used as an inebriant, it is the dried cap which is taken. Ihave added a new image sent to me from Hungary by Dr. Barthσ Lorαnd, many thanks. The pictures taken at night are from Orange in Australia and are growing without there being any trees! These amazing pictures were sent to me by Will Read. Members' images and comments Click here to upload and share your photos and comments about this mushroom (JPEG only please). Jane Brown (United Kingdom) - 15 November 2011 Found in a sunny field boundary at the edge of mainly broadleaved woods with some scots pines. On the Quantock hills in Somerset. brian Hobbs (United States) - 12 November 2011 I saw this fun guy right off the path as i was walking through a small cluster of pine trees towards the beach. Ocean Park, WA Rahim Yalcintas (Turkey) - 01 November 2011 We found that in Yenice Village / Pýnarhisar / Kirklareli (Thrace region of Turkey) About 20 cm. of stem. Was very pretty and well seen. Mike Pintz (United States) - 30 September 2011 Growing under pine tree, Cleveland , Ohio 28Sept11 Emily Sneddon (United Kingdom) - 14 September 2011 Spetember 2011 Petersfield, UK. Amazing colours. Emily Sneddon (United Kingdom) - 14 September 2011 Taken in woodland in Petersfield, UK. Stunning shape. Rachel Dyson (United Kingdom) - 14 September 2011 Found in Thetford forest 13 September 2011 Dejan Stojanovic (Yugoslavia) - 25 July 2011 Mushroom vegetate in the wider Zaplanje, municipalities Gadžin Han city of Nis, Southern Serbia, SERBIA. Jo Priestnall (United Kingdom) - 27 June 2011 Oct 2007 New Forest Cory Pahl (Canada) - 07 November 2010 Growing on the roadside on Vancouver Island. I've read that the deadly dose is 20+ fresh caps taken at once and that they're edible if boiled properly. Dear Cory Do Not eat it it contains loads of toxins. Roger Phillips Darryl Christensen (United States) - 28 October 2010 This specimen and others were widely scattered under pines in Richmond County, VA in mid October. The formosa and alba varieties also occurred in the same pine woods at the same time. Ian Burnie (United Kingdom) - 25 October 2010 Found on a bankside by a stream on the Cragside Estate, Rothbury, UK October 2010. Very striking Mushroom. david milnes (United Kingdom) - 13 October 2010 Was taken back when I saw this earlier in parents garden - perfect shape! Kris Ann Lewis (United States) - 13 October 2010 This is a close up picture of the same mushroom. The next day it had opened up more and was about 5 inches in diameter. Bellingham, Washington Kris Ann Lewis (United States) - 13 October 2010 Thanks to a friend that found your website, I now know more about this mushroom that grew in a grassy area between my driveway and a naturally occuring pond. Bellingham, Washington Jane Gardner (United Kingdom) - 12 October 2010 I saw this mushroom at Bolam Lake, nr Belsay in Northumberland, UK. Mark Plevin (United Kingdom) - 06 October 2010 Seen at the edge of (primarily) pine forest, near Churchill. Somerset 06/10/10. Abby Bell (Canada) - 03 October 2010 These are growing under a Fir tree in our yard. Would they be Amanita Muscaria Richard Oakley (United Kingdom) - 25 September 2010 Richard Oakley (UK) - Epping Forest 24 September 2010 andrew c (United Kingdom) - 20 September 2010 Ashley Watson (United Kingdom) - 05 September 2010 September 4th 2010; Leicestershire, England francine conway (United Kingdom) - 01 September 2010 Newcastle, UK, August 2010 MirosΕ‚aw Wantoch-Rekowski (Poland) - 21 June 2010 11/09/2008 Lasy sosnowe.Kaszuby Poland Suzette Cavanaugh (United States) - 28 January 2010 Photo taken 1/15/10 at McNee Ranch State Park, Montara, California. gary king (United States) - 23 January 2010 I found these in Point Reyes CA John Lloyd (United Kingdom) - 18 January 2010 Photo taken 15/10/2006 Forest of Bowland - Lancashire - UK Adam Green (United Kingdom) - 16 November 2009 Sandringham uk - Nov 09 Jon Bemrose (United Kingdom) - 30 September 2009 Fully Mature specimen, approx 200mm across, fully cupped and holding water, with minimal damage. North Yorkshire Richmond area UK. 26 September 2009. Mr Jackson (United States) - 22 September 2009 Fly Agaric in West Yorkshire. By David J Jackson david hamilton (United Kingdom) - 26 August 2009 a Fly Agaric button growing in a field in Peeblesshire within the Borders region of Scotland. Ben De'Giovanni (Finland) - 24 August 2009 Found 24.10 in the woods of Vanhakaupungilahti nature reserve, Helsinki, Finland. Also in vicinity cep and chanterelle. lee collins (United Kingdom) - 27 April 2009 Amanita muscaria Branislav Uzelac (Yugoslavia) - 17 March 2009 photo by Rastko Kolachek from Serbia nesko simic (United Kingdom) - 05 February 2009 berks Trevor Clayton (United States) - 22 December 2008 Olympic Peninsula, Washington Lorand Bartho (Hungary) - 01 November 2008 Similar in colour to the American variety var. formosa, but found in Hungary (amongst moss, under beech) Lorand Bartho (Hungary) - 31 October 2008 Flies seem to really like it. This one chose the cap cuticle to feeed on. Lorand Bartho (Hungary) - 31 October 2008 Lorand Bartho (Hungary) - 31 October 2008 Although the substance muscarine has been isolated from A. muscaria, this mushroom usually contains only minute amounts of muscarine. However unusual, it may happen that symptoms of muscarine poisoning (running of saliva, abdominal cramps, etc.) also appear after the ingestion of A. muscaria. Lorand Bartho (Hungary) - 24 October 2008 "Stream" Lorand Bartho (Hungary) - 24 October 2008 Fairy ring
Ref No: 6814 Buy this image
location: North America
edibility: Choice
fungus colour: White to cream
normal size: 5-15cm
cap type: Convex to shield shaped
stem type: Ring on stem
spore colour: Purplish to black
habitat: Grows on the ground, Found in fields, lawns or on roadsides
Agaricus andrewii Freeman False Meadow Mushroom Cap 2-6cm across, convex then flattened, but with inrolled margin until fully mature; pure white, to cream when old; smooth, silky-fibrillose, margin of cap with floccose remnants of white veil. Gills free, crowded, broad; bright pink when young, then soon chocolate brown, and finally black. Stem 25-50 x 10-15mm, equal to tapered at the base; white; fibrillose to woolly below the faint evanescent ring zone. Flesh firm; white. Odor very pleasant. Taste very pleasant. Spores broadly ellipsoid, 7-8 x 4-5µ. Deposit purplish brown. Marginal cystidia sparse, prominent and turnip-shaped to club-shaped. Habitat As yet the exact distribution of this species is uncertain because of confusion with Agaricus campestris. However, it would appear to be widespread at least in eastern north America as far south as North Carolina. Season late September-November. Edible and choice, it has doubtless been mistakenly collected many times as Agaricus campestris. Comment The more familiar Agaricus campestris lacks any marginal cystidia and may not be as common in America as is usually supposed. Apart from the microscopic differences, Agaricus andrewii would appear to differ hardly at all macroscopically, except that it seems to have a more consistently smooth and purer white cap than Agaricus campestris.

Ref No: 6813 Buy this image

location: North America, Europe

edibility: Edible

fungus colour: White to cream, Grey to beige

normal size: 5-15cm

cap type: Convex to shield shaped

stem type: Ring on stem, Stem much longer than cap diameter

spore colour: Purplish to black

habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground

Agaricus altipes Mψller Cap 4-7cm across, convex to broadly flattened; white to slightly buff on disc; smooth to slightly tomentose-floccose. Gills free, crowded; bright rosy pink when young, brown when old. Stem 80-100 x 12-20mm equal to slightly clavate; white, bruising slightly pinkish-buff color; fibrillose below; ring high on stem, white, thin, fragile, simple. Flesh firm; white bruising flesh-color. Odor mild. Taste mild. Spores ovate, 6.5-7.5 x 4.5-5.5µ. Deposit deep chocolate brown. Habitat in grass in mixed woods, mostly conifers. Found in the Pacific Northwest. Season September. Edible. Comment This collection agreed very well with the European Agaricus altipes, differing only in the disagreeable odor of the original description; the odor may have been missed if the flesh was not bruised, or perhaps the specimens were too young.

synonyms: Knolliger Egerling, Φzlαbcsiperke

Ref No: 6812 Buy this image

location: North America, Europe

edibility: Edible

fungus colour: White to cream, Yellow

normal size: 5-15cm

cap type: Convex to shield shaped

stem type: Ring on stem

spore colour: Purplish to black

habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground

Agaricus abruptibulbus Peck Knolliger Egerling, Φzlαbcsiperke. Cap 8–12cm across, convex, often with a slight umbo, whitish bruising yellowish. Stem 80–120 x 10–30mm at the characteristic, abruptly marginate bulb, coloured as cap; ring large, white and pendulous, with cog-wheel ornamentation on lower side. Flesh white, becoming yellowish to brownish when cut. Smell of aniseed. Gills pallid at first then clay brown. Cheilocystidia thin-walled, oval or globose. Spore print brown. Spores elliptic, 6–8 x 4–5µ. Habitat with spruce. Season late summer to late autumn. Occasional. Edible. Distribution, America and Europe. Considered by some American authors to be a form of Agaricus silvicola.

Acia uda. Click a photo to enlarge it. back to list

synonyms: Mycoacia uda
Ref No: 8441 Buy this image
location: Europe
edibility: Inedible
fungus colour: Yellow
normal size: 5-15cm
cap type: Other
stem type: Lateral, rudimentary or absent
spore colour: Light to dark brown
habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on wood
Mycoacia uda (Fr.) Donk. syn. Acia uda (Fr.) Bourd. & Galz. Fruit body resupinate, very thin, bright lemon-yellow becoming more ochraceous with age, covered in crowded slender spines which become purple when treated with a drop of KOH. Cystidioles thin-walled, fusoid. Spores narrowly ellipsoid, 4–6.5 x 2–3.5um. Habitat on fallen branches of deciduous trees. Season all year. Common. Not edible. Found In Europe.

synonyms: Blushing Rosette, Daedalea biennis, Heteroporus biennis

Ref No: 7912 Buy this image Ref No: 7913 Buy this image

location: North America, Europe

edibility: Inedible

fungus colour: White to cream

normal size: 5-15cm

cap type: Other

stem type: Lateral, rudimentary or absent

spore colour: White, cream or yellowish

habitat: Grows on the ground, Grows on wood

Abortiporus biennis (Bull. ex Fr.) Sing. syn Heteroporus biennis (Bull. ex Fr.) Laz. syn. Daedalea biennis Bull. ex Fr., Blushing Rosette. Fruit body variable, irregularly top-shaped, or rosette-like, or fused together into amorphous masses, 3-9cm across, 0.5-1.5cm thick, flattened to concave, surface downy to felty, whitish soon becoming pinkish. Tubes 2-6mm long, decurrent. Pores 1-2 per mm, angular and irregular, becoming maze-like, whitish bruising reddish. Spores elliptic-ovate to subglobose, 4-7 x 3.5-4.5µ. Long undulating worm-like refractive gloeocystidia present in the hymenium. In addition to the normal basidiospores the fungus also produces similarly shaped chlamydospores in the flesh and hymenium. Habitat on the ground from roots or wood chips of deciduous trees. Season autumn, annual. Occasional. Not edible. Distribution, America and Europe.

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Edit Szilvasy (Hungary) - 20 September 2009 2009.09.20. Budakeszi Hungary Branislav Uzelac (Yugoslavia) - 17 March 2009 photo by Goran Miloshevich from Serbia

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Πηγή: Γιώργου Κωνσταντινίδη: «Μανιτάρια, φωτογραφικός οδηγός μανιταροσυλλέκτη»,  Η μανιταρογνωσία και η μανιταροφιλία στην Ελλάδα και την Κύπρο Οι όροι «μύκης» και «μυκ(ητ)ολογιά» (mycοlοgy) που χρησιμοποιούνται διεθνώς, είναι ελληνικοί. Παραφθορά της ελληνικής λέξης «σπόγγος» είναι επίσης και ο όρος “fungus” (και “fungi”, “funghi” ή “hongos”). Η ύπαρξη δεκάδων λαϊκών ονομασιών, δοξασιών, μύθων και παροιμιών σε όλες σχεδόν τις περιοχές της Ελλάδας, της Κύπρου και του Πόντου υποδηλώνει τη σχέση των Ελλήνων με τα μανιτάρια. Φαίνεται μάλιστα ότι σε αρκετές περιοχές της Μακεδονίας (Γρεβενά, Κοζάνη, Καστοριά, Φλώρινα, Πέλλα, Κιλκίς, Χαλκιδική, Θάσο), της Θράκης, των νησιών (ιδιαίτερα του Ανατολικού Αιγαίου και της Κρήτης), της Πελοποννήσου, της Στερεάς Ελλάδας (Αττική, Εύβοια, Ευρυτανία, Φωκίδα), της Θεσσαλίας (Πήλιο, Περτούλι) και της Ηπείρου (Ζαγοροχώρια), τα μανιτάρια αποτελούν ή αποτελούσαν στο πρόσφατο παρελθόν ένα σημαντικό κομμάτι της ενασχόλησης και της διατροφής των κατοίκων. Ενδεικτικές είναι και οι ονομασίες τόσο του χωριού Μανιτάρι στο νομό Σερρών, χωριό που σήμερα βρίσκεται στο βυθό της μεσοπολεμικής Λίμνης της Κερκίνης, όσο και των χωριών Γκρίμποβο και Γκρίμπιανη στο νομό Ιωαννίνων, που σημαίνουν Μανιταρότοπος, αφού gribο στα σλαβικά σημαίνει μανιτάρι (Νasmer: «Die Slaven Griechenland»). Τόσο στη Μακεδονία όσο και στη Θράκη, την Ήπειρο, το Πήλιο, τη Λέσβο, την Κρήτη και την Κύπρο, διεξάγεται περιοδικά και εμπόριο σε μικρή κλίμακα. Ο κύριος όγκος των μανιταριών που συγκεντρώνεται από τους εμπόρους ξεραίνεται, καταψύχεται, κονσερβοποιείται, μεταποιείται, συσκευάζεται και τροφοδοτεί τις αγορές της Ελλάδας και της Ευρώπης. Σημαντικές ποσότητες νωπών μανιταριών αγοράζονται στη Θράκη από Τούρκους εμπόρους και στην Ήπειρο από Ιταλούς, ενώ ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον για τις ελληνικές αυτοφυείς τρούφες έχουν εκδηλώσει Ιταλοί επιχειρηματίες. Παράλληλα οι πρώτες καλλιέργειες τρούφας στη χώρα μας άρχισαν να παράγουν καρποφορίες (Πιερία, Αιτωλοακαρνανία), ενώ αρκετοί αγρότες επενδύουν στην καλλιέργεια της τρούφας, αφού πλέον στην χώρα μας είναι προσιτή η παροχή τεχνικής υποστήριξης, η διάθεση εμβολιασμένων δενδρυλλίων και η διάθεση εκπαιδευμένων τρουφόσκυλων. Η έλλειψη γνώσεων του αντικειμένου και η αρνητική προκατάληψη που τη συνοδεύει ήταν οι σπουδαιότεροι παράγοντες που εμπόδιζαν τους Έλληνες να ασχοληθούν μαζικά με τη συλλογή μανιταριών, αφού η άγνοια γεννά αμφιβολία, φόβο και επιφύλαξη, που ενισχύουν το ένστικτο της αυτοσυντήρησης. Ωστόσο, τα τελευταία χρόνια παρατηρείται στη χώρα μας μια έξαρση του ενδιαφέροντος για τη γνώση και τη συλλογή μανιταριών, καθώς όλο και περισσότεροι ανακαλύπτουν την εξαιρετική τους γεύση και τη συγκίνηση που προσφέρει η εμπειρία της αναζήτησης και της συλλογής τους. Προς αυτή την κατεύθυνση σημαντικό ρόλο έχει παίξει η συγκρότηση συλλόγων μανιταρόφιλων, η έκδοση οδηγών πεδίου, φυλλαδίων, αφισών και οπτικοακουστικού υλικού εκλαϊκευμένης μανιταρογνωσίας, η δημοσίευση σχετικών άρθρων σε εφημερίδες και περιοδικά, η διοργάνωση συνεδρίων, σεμιναρίων και γιορτών μανιταροφιλίας και μανιταρογνωσίας και η λειτουργία σχετικών ιστοσελίδων, με κορυφαία την www.manitari.gr, που παίζει το ρόλο του συνεκτικού ιστού των μανιταρόφιλων όλης της Ελλάδας και ώς ένα βαθμό, τον σύνδεσμο ανάμεσα σε ερασιτέχνες και επαγγελματίες μυκητολόγους. Οι Γρεβενιώτες κατέχουν επάξια τον τίτλο των πρωτοπόρων της μανιταροφιλίας και μανιταρογνωσίας και τα Γρεβενά θεωρούνται δικαίως η πρωτεύουσα των μανιταριών της Ελλάδας, αφού πρωτοστατούν στην έρευνα, την καταγραφή, την ανάδειξη και την πολύπλευρη αξιοποίησή τους. Τα μανιτάρια κατέχουν σημαντική θέση στο διαιτολόγιο και την καθημερινή ζωή των κατοίκων της περιοχής, στους καταλόγους των εστιατορίων και στα ράφια των επιχειρήσεων που εμπορεύονται τοπικά προϊόντα. Οι Γρεβενιώτες επαναφέρουν στο προσκήνιο τη μανιταρόσουπα, τη μανιταρομαγειρίτσα και τη μανιταρόπιτα. Όλοι γνωρίζουν πως όταν γίνεται λόγος για μανιτάρια τουρσί, για αποξηραμένα μανιτάρια, μανιτάρια σε λάδι, λικέρ από μανιτάρι, ζυμαρικά με μανιτάρι, παστέλι με μανιτάρι, λουκούμι με μανιτάρι και βέβαια για μανιτάρι γλυκό κουταλιού, μιλάμε για τα προϊόντα που οι γρεβενιώτικες επιχειρήσεις παράγουν («Μανιτάρι φυσικά προϊόντα», «Μανιταροπροϊόντα Γρεβενών», «Μorena») ή εμπορεύονται («Mountain Pindos», «Αυθεντικό», «Ρόδι», «ΕΠΙΛΟΓΗ»). Η μανιταρο-ταβέρνα «Αυλαίς» στα Γρεβενά έχει προσφέρει στη διάρκεια των πέντε τελευταίων ετών περισσότερα από 85 διαφορετικά είδη άγριων μανιταριών, αριθμό ρεκόρ για τη χώρα μας και ίσως και για την Ευρώπη! Και άλλες επιχειρήσεις εστίασης στα Γρεβενά έχουν προσθέσει στους καταλόγους τους και προϊόντα με μανιτάρια: «Όλα», «Αχιλλέας», «Εκάβη», «Μέντζιος», «Λυχνάρι», «Καραφάκι», “Piccolo mondo” και «Τράπεζα Γεύσεων» στα Γρεβενά, «Πυροστιά» στους Μαυραναίους, «Αετοφωλιά της Πίνδου» στον Όρλιακα, «Άρκτος» στο Πολυνέρι, «Αμαδρυάδα» στην Αλατόπετρα, “Casa la mundi” στη Σμίξη, οι ξενώνες του Μπαϊνέτα και του Μπούμπαρη στο Ζιάκα, του Παπαζήση στο Κοσμάτι, το “Venetico” στο Ταμπούρι, του Κανιά στο Μεσολούρι, το «Αγνάντι του Μπέγκα» και ο «Μότσιος» στους Φιλιππαίους, το «Βάλια Νόστρα» στη Σμίξη, το κατάστημα του Ζήση Βλαχάβα και η «Η πέρδικα» στο Σπήλαιο, ο «Πόντιος» στην Παλιουριά και ο Ταβάρας στη Σαμαρίνα. Στην Κρανιά Γρεβενών ο ξενώνας “Breati”, που σημαίνει μανιτάρι στα βλάχικα, έχει το μανιτάρι ως βασικό στοιχείο στη διακόσμηση του. Ανάλογη αν και σε μικρότερη κλίμακα είναι η κατάσταση και στην υπόλοιπη Δυτική Μακεδονία: «Ντολτσό», «Νοσταλγία» και «Αντέτι» στην Καστοριά, «Λογγάς» στο Σιδηροχώρι Καστοριάς, «Πλάτανος» στην Κοτύλη Καστοριάς, Τοτονίδης στη Βυσσινιά Καστοριάς, ταβέρνα στην Οξιά Καστοριάς, «Πλάτανος» στη Σιάτιστα Κοζάνης, «Τράτα» στην Κοζάνη, «Εν Βελβεντώ» στο Βελβεντό Κοζάνης, «Σεργιάνι» στον Πεντάλοφο Κοζάνης, «Μύριχος» στο Σισάνι Κοζάνης και «5φ» στη Φλώρινα είναι μερικά από τα καταστήματα που σερβίρουν άγρια μανιτάρια. Εκτός Δυτικής Μακεδονίας, έχουμε υπόψη το «Συμπόσιο» στα Κάτω Πεδινά Ιωαννίνων, τον «ξενώνα του Θουκιδίδη» και το κατάστημα «Στέρνα» στο Καπέσοβο Ιωαννίνων, τον ξενώνα “Primula” στα Άνω Πεδινά Ιωαννίνων, το «Κανέλα και Γαρύφαλλο» στη Βίτσα Ζαγορίου Ιωαννίνων, το «Ντοβρά» στους Ασπράγγελους Ιωαννίνων, το «Χαγιάτι» στο Αιγίνιο Πιερίας, το εστιατόριο «Αμανίτης στο Δασόκηπο» στον Ταξιάρχη Χαλκιδικής, την ταβέρνα «Μπακατσιάνος» στην Αρναία Χαλκιδικής, τον «Πύργο Μαντάνια» στον Ασπροπόταμο Τρικάλων, τον ξενώνα “Amanita” στο Πήλιο Μαγνησίας και το εστιατόριο «Ήταν καιρός» στον Πύργο του Διρού στη Μάνη. Αναζητώντας πληροφορίες στο διαδίκτυο (timeoutcyprus.com) βρήκα δύο εστιατόρια στη Λεμεσό της Κύπρου («Σκουρουβίννος» και «Φόρσος») που περιλαμβάνουν στους καταλόγους τους, με την ένδειξη «εποχικά», και πιάτα με άγρια μανιτάρια. Στην ίδια πηγή αναφέρεται και η ταβέρνα «Μουσικός» στο χωρίο Σωτήρα που διαθέτει και μανιτάρια της αναθρίκας (Pleurotus fuscus var. ferulae)! Η Ελλάδα, σε αντίθεση με τις προηγμένες χώρες της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης, στερείται της σχετικής νομοθεσίας που θα ρυθμίζει τη διαχείριση των άγριων μανιταριών ως φυσικό πόρο και θα εξασφαλίζει τη διατήρηση των ειδών και την αειφορία τους.

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Introduction Mushroom recipes

The following section contains an illustrated selection of mushroom recipes, each using one of the important delicious edible mushrooms. But please consider virtually all the recipes as interchangeable. Look through the dishes and choose the recipe that appeals to you and your family and then prepare the dish using the edible species that you have collected.
Use the following link to view all the well known edible mushrooms: Click here to view all recipes Mushroom recipes Disclaimer: Many mushrooms are poisonous some are deadly poisonous. We have made every effort to ensure accuracy on this website but, in the end, the responsibility for eating any mushroom or fungus must rest with the individual; for instance there are people who are allergic to all species of mushrooms. If you collect any mushrooms to eat make sure that your identification checks out in every detail. Never eat any wild mushroom until an expert mycologist has checked your identification. Even when you know a mushroom well weather conditions or animal damage can cause differences in appearance that could lead to misidentification.	Morchella esculenta

Ref No: 7074 Buy this image

location: North America

edibility: Inedible

fungus colour: Brown, Orange

normal size: 5-15cm

cap type: Convex to shield shaped

stem type: Ring on stem

flesh: Mushroom has distinct or odd smell (non mushroomy)

spore colour: White, cream or yellowish

habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground

Armillaria Zelleri Stuntz & Smith Cap 5-15cm across, obtuse becoming flat or broadly convex with an umbo and an incurved, cottony margin; orange, brown, olive, and yellow mixed; slimy and minutely hairy. Gills actuate, close to crowded, narrow to moderately broad; whitish staining rusty brown. Stem 40-130 x 10-30mm, tapering to a pointed base; white and cottony above ring, below ring the sheath breaking into orange scales and patches. Veil partial veil leaving membranous, ragged ring on upper stalk. Odor mealy, unpleasant. Taste mealy, unpleasant. Spores ellipsoid, smooth, nonamyloid, 4-5 x 3-4µ. Deposit white. Habitat scattered or in groups under pine and aspen. Sometimes abundant in Pacific Northwest. Found in northern North America and California and reported from Tennessee. Season July-August (December-February in California). Said to be edible but not recommended.

Ref No: 21909 Buy this image Ref No: 21910 Buy this image

location: North America, Europe

edibility: Poisonous/Suspect

fungus colour: Grey to beige

normal size: Less than 5cm

cap type: Funnel shaped

spore colour: White, cream or yellowish

habitat: Grows on the ground, Grows on plant material/manure

Arrhenia spathulata (Fr.) Readhead, Described originally by Fries as a Cantharellus. Cap gray-brown, hygrophanous, translucent, up to 2.2cm across, often lobed. Gills fold-like decurrent the same colour as the cap. Stem solid the same colour as the cap or a little lighter. Spores 7-10x4-5.5(6)um smooth. Habitat, found on damp mossy ground in late autumn to early winter. Europe and America. Not known to be edible. Many thanks to Miroslaw Wantoch-Rekowski who sent me these photographs.

Ref No: 7079 Buy this image Ref No: 7080 Buy this image Ref No: 7081 Buy this image

location: Europe

edibility: Inedible

fungus colour: Brown

normal size: Less than 5cm

cap type: Cup shaped

flesh: Mushroom slimy or sticky

spore colour: White, cream or yellowish

habitat: Grows on wood

Ascocoryne cylichnium (Tul.) Korf syn. Coryne cylichnium (Tul.) Boud. Similar to A. sarcoides but fruit bodies generally larger and more cup-shaped, with larger spores (18–30Χ4–6µ) which become multiseptate and bud off secondary spores while still within the ascus. Not edible. Found In Europe.

Ref No: 21835 Buy this image Ref No: 21836 Buy this image

location: North America, Europe

edibility: Inedible

fungus colour: Red or redish or pink, Violet or purple

normal size: Less than 5cm

cap type: Other

stem type: Lateral, rudimentary or absent

flesh: Mushroom slimy or sticky

habitat: Grows on wood

Ascotremella faginea (Peck) Seaver A jelly like asco, fruit body crowded together with a very short stem, pink to violet, shiny when wet. Asci 8 spored, ascospores 7-9x4-4.5, with two drops and 3 or 4 strations (very difficult to see). Found on dead twigs of Alder and Beech. Europe and America. Not edible. Many thanks to Miroslaw Wantoch-Rekowski for the photographs.

Ref No: 7104 Buy this image Ref No: 7105 Buy this image

location: North America

edibility: Inedible

fungus colour: Red or redish or pink

normal size: 5-15cm

cap type: Convex to shield shaped

spore colour: Rusty brown

habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground

Austroboletus gracilis (Pk,) Wolfe syn. Porphyrellus gracilis (Pk.) Singer Cap 3-10cm across, convex to broadly convex; reddish chestnut brown to cinnamon brown; dry, granulose becoming cracked. Tubes up to 2 cm deep, deeply depressed around the stalk, uneven; white to flesh-colored then pinkish brown. Pores 1-2 per mm; white to pinkish brown. Stem 60-150 x 4-l0mm, long, solid, slender, often curved; same color as cap or paler cinnamon tan, white within, base white; longitudinally lined, with a bloom or finely granulose. Flesh white or tinged reddish near cuticle. Odor not distinctive. Taste mild. Spores ellipsoid, often punctate, 11-17 x 5-7µ. Deposit dark reddish brown. Habitat singly or scattered on the ground in woods under aspen, oak, pine, and hemlock. Found in northeastern North America, south to Georgia. Season June-October. Edibility not known, possibly good, but to be experimented with extreem caution. Ref No: 7085 Buy this image location: Europe edibility: Inedible fungus colour: White to cream, Red or redish or pink normal size: 5-15cm cap type: Other stem type: Volva on stem spore colour: Purplish to black habitat: Grows on the ground Aseroλ rubra A stinkhorn from New Zealand. The whole fruit body is pink, arising from an oval white ‘egg’ with the glebal disk showing dark, sticky, spore mass, the ‘tentacles’ are strong reddish colour grouped in pairs, normally up to as much as 10cm in height. This is a very very rare fungus, only one record found outside greenhouses in the whole of the northern hemisphere. Found on mixed woodland litter on acid soil. It is native to New Zealand and Australia and other areas in the southern hemisphere. Presumably it was imported on garden plants that had been introduced from the southern hemisphere. I would like to thank Geoffrey Kibby for allowing me to use this photograph. Ref No: 7087 Buy this image Ref No: 7088 Buy this image Ref No: 7089 Buy this image location: North America, Europe edibility: Inedible fungus colour: Red or redish or pink, Brown, Grey to beige normal size: Less than 5cm cap type: Convex to shield shaped spore colour: White, cream or yellowish habitat: Grows on other fungi Asterophora lycoperdoides (Bull. ex Mιrat) S. F. Gray syn. Nyctalis asterophora Fr. Stδubender Zwitterling Nyctalis porteur d’ιtoiles Powdery Piggyback Cap 0.5–1.5cm across, subglobose, covered in a clay-buff mealy coating of chlamydospores. Stem 5–10 x 2–5mm, whitish. Flesh grey to dark brown. Chlamydospores clay-buff, subglobose covered in long blunt processes giving a star-shaped appearance, 13–16µ in diameter. Basidiospores (usually only on young gills) white, broadly elliptical, 5.5 x 3.5µ. Habitat on rotting Russula nigricans. Season summer to late autumn. Occasional – more common in wet periods. Not edible. Distribution, America and Europe. I especially want to thank MirosΕ‚aw Wantoch-Rekowski for his superb close-ups of this mushroom. Ref No: 7071 Buy this image Ref No: 9791 Buy this image Ref No: 9792 Buy this image location: North America edibility: Choice fungus colour: White to cream, Orange normal size: over 15cm cap type: Convex to shield shaped stem type: Ring on stem flesh: Flesh discolours when cut, bruised or damaged spore colour: White, cream or yellowish habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground, Grows on wood Armillaria ponderosa (Pk.) Sacc. New syn. Tricholoma magnivelare White Matsutake Cap 5-20cm across, convex becoming flatter with an inrolled, cottony margin becoming somewhat uplifted in age; white with flattened reddish-brownish scales and spots, particularly over the center; tacky becoming dry with streaks of brown fibers near the margin. Gills adnexed, crowded, narrow to broad; whitish staining pinkish brown. Stem 50-150 x 20-40mm, hard, firm; white becoming pinkish brown from scales and patches of veil remnants; white and cottony above the ring. Veil partial veil leaves thick, soft, membranous ring on the upper stalk. Flesh firm; white. Odor distinctly fragrant. Spores broadly ellipsoid to globose, smooth, nonamyloid, 5-7 x 4.5-5.5µ. Deposit white. Habitat scattered to numerous under pine and in sandy soil, especially near coastal areas. Common. Found in northern North America and the Rockies. Season August-November (December-February in California). Edible-excellent. Comment. Known among Orientals as the White Matsutake. This is one of the most sought after edible mushrooms. Members' images and comments Click here to upload and share your photos and comments about this mushroom (JPEG only please). Todd Shury (Canada) - 16 July 2011 Collected near Big River, Saskatchewan, Canada under jackpine (pinus banksiana) Aug. 29 2007. By uploading images and text you hereby warrant that you are the legal owner of this material and agree, without limitation, to permit Rogers Plants Ltd to publish such images and text on this Rogers Plants website. Rogers Plants Ltd reserves the right to remove any member images or text at its sole discretion. Ref No: 6724 Buy this image location: North America, Europe edibility: Inedible fungus colour: White to cream normal size: Less than 5cm cap type: Convex to shield shaped stem type: Stem much longer than cap diameter, Simple stem spore colour: White, cream or yellowish habitat: Grows on plant material/manure Baeospora myosura (Fr. ex Fr.) Sprig. Zapfenrόbling Conifercone Cap syn. Collybia myosura (Fr. ex Fr.) Quιl. syn. C. conigena (Pers. ex Fr.) Kummer Cap 1–3cm across, convex to almost flat, pallid-tan to date-brown. Stem 30–50΄1–2mm, pallid flushed with cap colour, elongated into a hairy ‘root’. Flesh thin, brownish. Taste mild, smell mushroomy. Gills very crowded, whitish. Cheilocystida thin-walled, fusoid. Spore print white. Spores elliptic, amyloid, 3–3.5 x 1.5–2µ. Habitat rooting on partly buried pine cones and coniferous debris. Season autumn to late winter. Frequent. Not edible. Distribution, America and Europe. Ref No: 7160 Buy this image location: North America, Europe edibility: Inedible fungus colour: Brown normal size: 5-15cm cap type: Convex to shield shaped stem type: Volva on stem, Stem much longer than cap diameter spore colour: Light to dark brown habitat: Grows on the ground, Found in fields, lawns or on roadsides Battarraea phalloides (Dicks.) Pers. Stielstaubpilz Sandy Siltball Fruit body 10–25cm high, consisting of a spore-sac borne on a rigid ochre-brown stem covered in shaggy fibres which is seated in a loose whitish membranous cup. Initially the fruit body is contained within the volva buried in sandy soil, then as the stem elongates rapidly the spore sac is pushed through the soil surface where it splits all round exposing the powdery rusty brown spore mass. Spores brown, subglobose to ovate, 5.0–5.5(6.5)µ. Habitat on sandy soil. Season summer. Very rare. Not edible. Distribution, America and Europe. Ref No: 7162 Buy this image Ref No: 7164 Buy this image location: North America, Europe edibility: Inedible fungus colour: Yellow normal size: Less than 5cm cap type: Cup shaped stem type: Lateral, rudimentary or absent flesh: Mushroom slimy or sticky spore colour: White, cream or yellowish habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on wood Bisporella citrina (Batsch ex Fr.) Korf & Carpenter syn. Calycella citrina ([Hedwig.] Fr.) Boud. Lemon Disco Fruit body 0.5–3mm across, saucer-shaped tapered below to a small base, bright yellow becoming orange-yellow when old or dried, exterior smooth. Asci 135Χ10µ. Spores elliptical, containing two oil drops at each end, 9–14Χ3–5µ, often becoming one-septate. Habitat gregarious in dense swarms on dead wood of deciduous trees. Season autumn. Common. Not edible. Found In Europe and north America. Ref No: 7771 Buy this image location: North America, Europe edibility: Inedible fungus colour: Grey to beige normal size: Less than 5cm cap type: Other stem type: Lateral, rudimentary or absent spore colour: Light to dark brown habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground Geastrum quadrifidum Pers. ex Pers. Kleiner Nesterdstern Gιastre ΰ quatre branches, Rayed Earthstar. Fruit body opening to 0.5–3cm across, outer wall splitting into 4–8 pointed rays which bend strongly downwards, the tips adhering to a basal membranous cup in the substrate as in G. fornicatum. Spore sac on a short stalk 1.5–2.5mm long which forms a ridge-like collar below the lead-grey spore sac, opening by a central pore surmounting a pallid, conical mouth. Spores brown, globose, warted, 3.5–5um. Habitat in coniferous woods. Season autumn. Rare. Not edible. Distribution, America and Europe. Ref No: 7773 Buy this image Ref No: 7774 Buy this image location: North America, Europe edibility: Inedible fungus colour: Brown, Grey to beige normal size: Less than 5cm cap type: Other stem type: Lateral, rudimentary or absent spore colour: Light to dark brown habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground Geastrum saccatum Fr. Fruit body a round, bulblike sac whose outer wall splits, unfolds, and bends back into 4-8 star-like rays. Spore sac 0.5-2cm across, round to flattened with a disc-like depression or mouth area set off from the rest of the spore sac by a distinct ring or shallow groove; buff, dull gray, or brownish, paler at the mouth area; smooth. Spore mass firm; white becoming brownish and powdery. Rays 2-4cm long; upper surface pallid to tan or ochre-brown, undersurface buff to pale tan; rubbery when fresh, sometimes cracking. Spores globose, warty, 3.5-4.5 x 3.5-4.5µ. Habitat singly or in groups around decaying stumps or in leaf litter in hardwood forests or under juniper and conifers. Quite common. Found widely distributed in North America and Europe. Season July-October, but often persisting for months. Not edible. Ref No: 7794 Buy this image Ref No: 7795 Buy this image location: North America, Europe edibility: Inedible fungus colour: Yellow, Violet or purple, Grey to beige normal size: 5-15cm cap type: Convex to shield shaped flesh: Mushroom slimy or sticky spore colour: Light to dark brown habitat: Grows in woods, Grows on the ground Gomphidius glutinosus (Fr.) Fr. syn. Gomphus glutinosus (Fr.) Kummer. Grosser Schmierling Gomphide glutineux Slimy Spike. Cap 5–12cm across, greyish violet, glutinous. Stem 35–100 x 10–20mm, whitish above, grey-brown below, sometimes lemon-chrome at the base, glutinous with a glutinous veil connecting stem and cap margin which leaves a gelatinous blackening zone near the stem apex. Flesh whitish flushing vinaceous in the cap, strongly lemon-chrome towards the stem base. Taste and smell not distinctive. Gills decurrent, distant, whitish then vinaceous grey, darkening with age. Spore print sepia. Spores subfusiform, 17–20 x 5.5–6um. Habitat with conifers. Season autumn. Rare. Edible but not recommended. Distribution, America and Europe.